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John Dalton
1766-1884
Arguably known as the "Father of Chemistry", the English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist John Dalton is discussed with regards to his fundamental contributions to atomic theory. In this episode, Mark and Jack lead listeners down the path of understanding matter from a particle perspective while also looking at the life of this humble man.
Podcast length: 54:46
Show Notes:
Selected Awards and Publications associated with John Dalton:
Meteorological Observations and Essays (1834)
New System of Chemical Philosophy (1808)
Extraordinary Facts Relating to the Vision of Colors: with Observations (1794)
Royal Medal, 1836
The Royal Medal is awarded for outstanding achievements in biological, physical, and applied sciences by the Royal Society. Dalton was awarded the first Royal Medal in the field of physics in 1836 "For his development of the Atomic Theory and his other important labours and discoveries in Physical Science." <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Medal>
Discussed in the episode:
Greek Philosophers
Democritus (5th Century BC) An Atomist
Leucipus (5th Century BC)An Atomist
Aristotle (300 BC)A Continuist
Modern Science
Robert Boyle (17th Century)
Famous for:
being the 1st true chemist
the relation PV = k
coining the term element: a substance that can not be broken down by chemical or physical means.
Joseph Black (18th Century)
Analytical balance with lightweight arm balanced on a fulcrum. Invented by Joseph Black (1750)
Antione Lavoiser (18th Century)
Law of Conservation:
In a chemical reaction matter is neither created or destroyed and so mass is conserved.
Joseph Proust (18th Century)
Law of Definite Composition:
Chemical compounds contain elements in particular ratios by mass.
John Dalton (19th Century)
Law of Multiple Proportions:
When two elements form two different compounds and a fixed mass of one element is present in both compounds, the masses of the second element can be compared as a whole number ratio.
Law of Partial Pressure:
The pressure of a mixture of gases is the summation of the partial pressures of the gases as if they existed in the container by themselves.
Dalton's Atomic Theory (1808)
http://studentshelpingworld.blogspot.com/2015/03/daltons-atomic-theory.html
John Dalton on Stamps
Colorblindness (Daltonism)
Color blindness occurs when you are unable to see colors in a normal way. It is also known as color deficiency [and Daltonism]. Color blindness often happens when someone cannot distinguish between certain colors. This usually happens between greens and reds, and occasionally blues.
<https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-color-blindness>
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